ZX81 - definition. What is ZX81
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HOME COMPUTER PRODUCED BY SINCLAIR RESEARCH
Zx81; Sinclair ZX-81; Timex Sinclair 2040; Zx-81; ZX-81; Sinclair ZX81
  • Beocomp ZX81
  • The TK85, an unauthorised ZX81 clone produced by Microdigital Eletronica of Brazil.
  • alt=A black rectangular calculator being held in a person's right hand.
  • The Science of Cambridge MK14 (1978), sold in kit form, was Sinclair's first computer.
  • Sinclair ZX81 PCB Revision 3 Bottom Side
  • Sinclair ZX81 PCB Revision 3 keyboard
  • Revised Sinclair ZX81 PCB Revision 3 Top Side
  • alt=ZX81 in between a copy of the "ZX81 BASIC Programming" manual and a cassette tape recorder, with a black-and-white Ferguson TV set on the background.
  • The Timex Sinclair 1000, a licensed ZX81 variant produced for the US market by Timex in 1982–83. It was initially highly successful but sales soon collapsed.
  • alt=View of the ZX80, a white rectangular computer with a black keyboard with blue keys and the words "SINCLAIR ZX80" on the centre left of the case, in front of a large bulge at the rear of the machine.
  • Closeup view of the 16K RAM module, showing its edge connector
  • alt=ZX81 computer with a 16 KB RAM pack and a ZX Printer attached.
  • alt=Two views of the ZX81, one showing the left side with four sockets marked "TV", "EAR", "MIC" and "9V DC" respectively, and one showing the rear with the edge of the circuit board visible through a gap in the case.
  • alt=Top-down view of the ZX81 motherboard showing the layout of the components. Four chips are prominent, along with a TV modulator on the top left and a ribbon cable on the bottom right.
  • alt=A two-page advertising spread showing the ZX81 with a 16 KB RAM pack and ZX Printer attached, next to the headline "Sinclair ZX81 Personal Computer – the heart of a system that grows with you"
  • alt=Sketch of two concept designs for the ZX81, showing the computer with a series of similarly shaped boxes stacked behind it in a row.
  • alt=The component parts of the ZX81, including the case, keyboard and circuitry, resting on a blue sheet in front of the cardboard box in which it was shipped.
  • Many ZX81 owners replaced the machine's touch-sensitive keyboard with more usable add-on keyboards produced by third-party suppliers.

ZX-81         
<computer> An even more successful version of the Sinclair ZX-80, featuring a large uncommitted logic array instead of much discrete logic, an improved BASIC, and rather more expandability (it could take 16kb RAM packs). It was launched around 1981 and was eventually replaced by the Spectrum. (1995-11-04)
ZX81 character set         
  • ZX81 8K BASIC]] program that demonstrates all code points including BASIC keywords and nonprintable characters, rendered as question marks.
NON-STANDARD CHARACTER ENCODING USED IN THE SINCLAIR ZX81 COMPUTERS
The ZX81 character set is the character encoding used by the Sinclair Research ZX81 family of microcomputers including the Timex Sinclair 1000 and Timex Sinclair 1500. The encoding uses one byte per character for 256 code points.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZX81_character_set

ويكيبيديا

ZX81

The ZX81 is a home computer that was produced by Sinclair Research and manufactured in Dundee, Scotland, by Timex Corporation. It was launched in the United Kingdom in March 1981 as the successor to Sinclair's ZX80 and designed to be a low-cost introduction to home computing for the general public. It was hugely successful; more than 1.5 million units were sold. In the United States it was initially sold as the ZX-81 under licence by Timex. Timex later produced its own versions of the ZX81: the Timex Sinclair 1000 and Timex Sinclair 1500. Unauthorized ZX81 clones were produced in several countries.

The ZX81 was designed to be small, simple, and above all, inexpensive, with as few components as possible. Video output is to a television set rather than a dedicated monitor. Programs and data are loaded and saved onto compact audio cassettes. It uses only four silicon chips and a mere 1 KB of memory. It has no power switch or moving parts, with the exception of a VHF TV channel selector switch present in some models. It has a pressure-sensitive membrane keyboard. The ZX81's limitations prompted a market in third-party peripherals to improve its capabilities. Its distinctive case and keyboard brought designer Rick Dickinson a Design Council award.

The ZX81 could be bought by mail order preassembled or, for a lower price, in kit form. It was the first inexpensive mass-market home computer to be sold by high street stores, led by W. H. Smith and soon many other retailers. The ZX81 marked the point when computing in Britain became an activity for the general public rather than the preserve of businessmen and electronics hobbyists. It produced a huge community of enthusiasts, some of whom founded their own businesses producing software and hardware for the ZX81. Many went on to have roles in the British computer industry. The ZX81's commercial success made Sinclair Research one of Britain's leading computer manufacturers and earned a fortune and an eventual knighthood for the company's founder Sir Clive Sinclair.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZX81
أمثلة النطق لـ٪ 1
1. Sinclair ZX81.
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2. and it ran about 10,000 times slower the first ZX81.
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